Swipe now, pay forever | Credit card debt in India is no longer a silent crisis

Swipe now, pay forever | Credit card debt in India is no longer a silent crisis


On the โ€˜Credit Cards Indiaโ€™ subreddit, a user writes, โ€œLost my job, โ‚น80k in credit card debt, no income. What are my options?โ€ Another says, โ€œDrowning in credit card debt (ICICI, Axis, HDFC, Federal) โ€” no income, no support. Please help.โ€ A third asks, โ€œStruggling with EMIs. Is foreclosure a good idea?โ€ These are just a few of the hundreds of desperate posts that expose the harsh reality behind Indiaโ€™s growing financial aspirations.

Living on credit

Credit card debt is no longer a silent crisis. Last year alone, defaults in India surged 28%, touching โ‚น6,742 crore. This sharp rise reflects not just poor budgeting or overspending, but a deeper shift: more Indians are relying on credit not for convenience, but simply to keep up. Itโ€™s a mirror to our insecurities and aspirations.

Whether itโ€™s a lavish wedding, the latest iPhone on EMI, or an international holiday โ€œbecause all our friends are doing itโ€, our appetite for consumption is increasingly driven by borrowed money. With โ‚น2.9 lakh crore in dues and โ‚น10.5 crore credit cards in use as per RBI, Indiaโ€™s credit-driven spending is at its highest. Even UPI-linked credit card payments crossed โ‚น63,825 crore by late 2024. The numbers show a disturbing shift โ€” debt is now a normal way to spend.

Whatโ€™s fuelling the crisis?

Young Indiaโ€™s debt spiral stems from a lack of awareness about how credit cards actually work. Theyโ€™re being marketed to 20-somethings as a ticket to the life they think they deserve โ€” no caveats, no warnings. Unsurprisingly, Gen Z now makes up 41% of all first-time borrowers, according to CIBIL. As a country, weโ€™ve gone from being debt-averse to debt-optimistic, from avoiding impulse buys to swiping without a second thought, and thereโ€™s no middle ground in sight.

Young Indiaโ€™s debt spiral stems from a lack of awareness

Young Indiaโ€™s debt spiral stems from a lack of awareness
| Photo Credit:
Getty Images/iStockPhoto

Itโ€™s important to understand that cheap credit isnโ€™t just filling income gaps or helping in emergencies โ€” itโ€™s now shaping entire identities. An iPhone becomes a symbol of success. A vacation on EMI is seen as proof of โ€œwork-life balanceโ€. Weddings, home upgrades, and even education choices are often driven more by perception than prudence.

The true cost of credit

For many, the wake-up call isnโ€™t dramatic โ€” itโ€™s a text from the bank. Minimum due: โ‚น12,000. Interest charged: โ‚น3,500. Before long, the interest is more than the amount spent, since credit card rates can be 42% to 56% a year.

As someone who often talks about personal finance with people, I see that credit card debt, though common, isnโ€™t taken seriously enough because shame and guilt keep people silent. If youโ€™re in the red, know this, guilt wonโ€™t help, but a plan will. The system may be built to keep you swiping, but there are ways to take back control.

Debt detox

Here are four strategies to help you break up with debt and get your money, and peace of mind, back on track.

1. Focus on getting debt-free

Credit card debt grows fast because high interest is charged not just on missed payments, but also on new spends. So, make clearing this debt your top priority, even if it means pausing your SIPs or pulling out from existing investments. Your savings, and sanity, will thank you later.

2. Avalanche or snowball?

If you have debt across multiple cards or EMIs, start by clearing the highest-interest ones first โ€” this โ€œavalancheโ€ method makes your debt cheaper overall. The โ€œsnowballโ€ method, where you pay off the smallest debts first to build momentum, can feel rewarding but may cost more in the long run.

3. Find additional income

Additional income can often be a saviour at times of financial distress. Taking on a freelance or gig role, even something as simple as teaching your neighbourโ€™s kids algebra, can help you pay off your debts faster.

Additional income can often be a saviour

Additional income can often be a saviour
| Photo Credit:
Getty Images/iStockPhoto

4. Talk to your bank

It might surprise you, but your bank may help if you reach out before things get complicated. Most banks in India have hardship or collections teams that can restructure your dues, especially if you act early. You can ask for:

– Lower interest rates or a temporary freeze

– EMI conversion of your outstanding balance at a lower rate

– Waiver of late fees or penalties

– In extreme cases, a one-time โ€œsettlementโ€ (note: this affects your credit score, so use it only as a last resort)

Itโ€™s important to contact your bank as soon as possible. If your account defaults multiple times or is marked as a Non-Performing Asset (NPA), negotiating becomes much harder, and your credit score tanks.

Smart money moves

Do a debt audit: List every loan, EMI, or credit card balance you owe. Include the interest rate, monthly payment, and due date. This isnโ€™t about shame, itโ€™s about clarity.

Understand your triggers: Were you sad when you made that purchase? Was it FOMO, peer pressure, or guilt? Knowing how you feel when you spend is as important as knowing how much you spend. (Tip: keep a โ€œwhy I spentโ€ column next to your expenses.)

Make a โ€œnoโ€ budget: List what you wonโ€™t spend on. No new gadgets till Diwali. No dining out more than twice a month. No gifts over โ‚น500 per person. These are boundaries, not punishments.

Reframe spending as trade-offs: Instead of asking, โ€œCan I afford this EMI?โ€ ask, โ€œWhat am I giving up to afford it?โ€ Maybe itโ€™s quitting a toxic job or next yearโ€™s holiday. Spend consciously, not compulsively.

List what you wonโ€™t spend on

List what you wonโ€™t spend on
| Photo Credit:
Getty Images/iStockPhoto

Financial freedom isnโ€™t about how much we borrow. Itโ€™s about how resilient we are when income slows, interest rates rise, or emergencies happen. As a country, we must go beyond access and talk about agency. That means clear disclosures, financial education in schools, and a culture where talking about money isnโ€™t taboo and living within your means is seen as wisdom, not a lack of ambition.

The writer is a chartered accountant and author of personal finance book Money Doesnโ€™t Grow On Trees.

Published – September 05, 2025 07:07 am IST

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